The Panshi Large Corylus Futai Low Mountain and Hills Case on Ecosystem Protection and Sustainable Development (Case 11)

DOI:10.3974/geodc.2022.05.12，CSTR:20146.22.2022.05.12，GCdataPR [2021]12

The case is led by Professor Dai Junhu from the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research，Chinese Academy of Sciences，and launched by a team jointly composed of Chang 'an University，Pomology Research Institute of Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Fengli Undergrowth cash crop Planting Cooperative of Panshi City，and the relevant government departments in Panshi City, etc. The case has been listed as a case of the "Geographical Indications Environment & Sustainability " (Case 11).

Hazelnuts have a long history of consumption in China. A large number of fruit shells can be found at the Yangshao Culture Site in Banpo, Xi'an, with a history of over five to six thousand years of consumption. Throughout history, there have been rich records on the utilization and cultivation of hazelnuts in plant and medical monographs such as "A Study of Plant Names and Realities" and "Compendium of Materia Medica". In addition, hazelnuts are also a great gift for ancient literati and scholars to sing in harmony and give. Panshi large corylus is an excellent variety bred by crossbreeding the locally distributed and cold resistant hazelnut with the introduced high-yield European hazelnut. As one of the world's four major dried fruits, hazelnut is known as the "king of nuts" due to its high nutritional value, rich in unsaturated fatty acids, amino acids, vitamins, and the anticancer chemical paclitaxel. The case area is one of the natural distribution areas of hazelnuts in China, and the products mainly include varieties such as Dawei (84-254), Yuzhuo (84-310), and Liaozhen 7 (82-11).

The mature period of large corylus is from September to October. The fruit is nearly spherical, with a diameter of about 1.5 centimeters and an average weight of 2.3 grams per fruit. The brown shell is about 1.5 millimeters thick, and the kernels are smooth and full with a high kernel yield. Compared to the standards of the US Department of Agriculture, the energy of every 100g of Panshi large corylus is about 2670 KJ, exceeding the former by 45 KJ; The protein content is 21.0g, which is 1.4 times higher than the former. The product has a good taste, strong health benefits, and excellent quality. It has a wide range of uses and can be used to make hazelnut chocolate, hazelnut mooncakes, hazelnut oil, etc.

Futai Town belongs to the humid monsoon climate zone of the temperate zone, with an annual average temperature and precipitation of 5.2 ℃ and 723.4 mm, respectively. The frost free period is about 130 days, and the accumulated temperature during the growing season is as high as 1972.9 ℃. The annual sunshine hours are about 2300 hours. The main soil types are gray brown soil, white loam soil, and alluvial soil, which are acidic and have better quality than the soil pollution risk screening values for agricultural land. The main water quality belongs to Class I water, which meets the water quality requirements of national nature reserves.

As of 2022, the planting area of hazelnuts in the entire town has reached 252 hectares, with an average annual output of 1300 tons and an annual industrial income of 60 million yuan. It is expected that by the end of this year, the large corylus industry will increase the income of the entire town by about 400000 yuan, with huge economic potential.

Scientific planting relies on a solid scientific research foundation. Zhonghe Village in Futai Town established an automatic habitat observation station in March 2021 to better monitor the growth environment and development process of large corylus. It can record and display more than 10 parameters such as air quality, temperature, and precipitation. The international registration of this case, the registration of China Science and Technology Resource Sharing System, and the monitoring and traceability system of Panshi large corylus have all been registered in accordance with national standards.

"Geographical Indications Environment & Sustainability " is led by the Chinese Geographical Society, incorporated into the action plan of the " Innovation China" professional science and technology service team of the China Association for Science and Technology. Its purpose is to integrate basic sciences such as geography, resources, and ecology, as well as information and communication technologies such as geographic information systems, remote sensing and Earth observation, big data and the Internet of Things, with open science as the basic principle, to protect geographical indications, to promote rural revitalization and regional sustainable development.

DATASET： Dai Junhu, YANG Jing, ZHOU Yu, FU Jingying, ZHU Mengyao, SONG Hongwei, QIAO Yunbo, CHEN Cunhua, WU Yunming, CHEN Baoli, MU Chao, SONG Yunfeng, ZHAO Jing, HANG Hongli, ZHU Xiaoguang, LIU Chuang. The Panshi Large Corylus Futai Low Mountain and Hills Case Dataset of Ecosystem Protection and Sustainable Development[J/DB/OL]. Digital Journal of Global Change Data Repository, 2021. https://doi.org/10.3974/geodb.2021.12.46.V1.

DATAPAPER： Dai, J. H., Yang, J., Zhou, Y., et al. GIES Case Dataset on Panshi Large Corylus Low Mountain and Hills in Futai Town, Jinlin Province of China[J]. Journal of Global Change Data & Discovery, 2021. 5(4): 431-443. DOI: 10.3974/geodp.2021.04.07.

DAI Junhu, Professor and doctoral supervisor of Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research，Chinese Academy of Sciences. The current Director of the Comprehensive Natural Geography Research Office and Deputy Director of the China Phenological Observation Network. Graduated from the Department of Urban and Environmental Studies at Peking University in 1999 with a doctoral degree. Mainly engaged in research on global change, vegetation phenology, and plant geography. In recent years, he has presided over research tasks such as national key research and development projects, science and technology support projects, important direction projects of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China, published more than 160 papers, and participated in the preparation of 10 monographs. Serving as an International Journal of Biometerology, Advances in Climate Change Research，Editorial board members of renowned domestic and foreign academic journals such as Resource Science and Journal of Global Change Data&Discovery. Social part-time jobs include Vice Chairman of the Environmental Modeling Professional Committee of the China Environmental Society, Director of the China Ecological Civilization Research and Promotion Association, and Member of the Education Committee of the China Ecological Society.