Panshi Qiantang (Thousands Reservoirs) Fishing Life Case on Ecosystem Protection and Sustainable Development (Case 7)

DOI:10.3974/geodc.2021.12.07，CSTR:20146.22.2021.12.07，GCdataPR [2021]07

The case is led by Professor Liu Chuang from the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research，Chinese Academy of Sciences，and launched by a team jointly composed of School of Northeast Normal University，Jilin Academy of Fishery Sciences，Panshi Municipal People's Government，Panshi Supply and Marketing Investment Group Co.，Ltd，Beijing Tian Hang Hua Chuang Technology Co.，Ltd. The case has been listed as a case of the "Geographical Indications Environment & Sustainability " (Case 7).

Panshi is located in the transitional zone from Changbai Mountain to Songliao Plain, in the middle reaches of the Songhua River, the largest tributary of Heilongjiang Province in China. The fishing civilization in the Songhua River Basin has a long history. During the Liao and Jin dynasties, fishing was a prosperous time for royal and noble cruising activities; In the late Qing Dynasty, fishing gradually transformed into a livelihood industry, and fishery resources were more widely developed. Fishing and hunting culture has been passed down to this day.

The people of Panshi City have utilized the natural bubble marsh wetland and small reservoirs to develop fishing and aquaculture, and have also attempted to cultivate fish species in rice paddies. There are more than 30 common fish species in Panshi City, including silver carp, carp, silver carp, crucian carp, flathead bream, red croaker, mandarin fish, and white croaker. In 2021, the fishery production in Panshi City was 8400 tons, with a value of 160 million yuan. The trademark "Panshi Qiantang" was registered in November 2021.

The transition from the volcanic landform of Changbai Mountain to the Songnen Plain presents a vertical natural zone of vegetation and low hills with alternating valleys. The rock in between has an elevation range of 230-1049 meters, with a relative elevation difference of 819 meters. It has a continental monsoon climate, with rainy and hot seasons, and an average annual precipitation of 743 mm. There are over 2000 ponds and reservoirs in the city. July is the hottest month, with an average temperature of 22.7 ℃. Suitable for leisure fishing; January is the coldest month, with an average temperature of -16.9 ℃; In January, there were over 20 days with a daily average temperature of minus 20 ℃. During the freezing period of reservoirs and dams in severe winter, the people of Panshi have the custom of catching fish in winter.

At present, 35 reservoirs and ponds are open as summer and winter fishing areas for Panshi Qiantang fish. These reservoirs and ponds all adopt natural wild growth and maintain a wild ecosystem. By developing filter feeding and herbivorous fish farming, we aim to achieve algae control through fishing, grass control through fishing, and water purification through fishing. In 2020, Panshi City was selected as one of the first batch of model counties (cities, districts) by the Ministry of Water Resources to deepen the reform of the management system for small reservoirs.

The detection results of fish samples in the case area show that various fish from the case area have high protein and low fat content, low water content, delicious meat, rich nutrition and balanced proportion, and high content of essential minerals and trace elements (ash) for the human body. The quality of fish meat is better than that of similar species raised in ponds and ponds. The first Panshi Qiantang Fish Winter Fishing Culture Festival in 2022 attracted tens of thousands of people to participate in the cold winter of minus 20 degrees Celsius, pushing the inheritance of Panshi fishing and hunting culture and ice and snow sports culture to a new height.

The case area has installed 12 positioning monitoring devices, including 10 ecological monitoring stations, 1 water quality monitoring station, and 1 monitoring station, which can record and display more than 10 parameters such as air quality, temperature, precipitation, and water quality. The international registration of the case, the registration of China Science and Technology Resources Sharing System, and the 1000 pond fish habitat monitoring and traceability system have all been registered in accordance with national standards.

"Geographical Indications Environment & Sustainability " is led by the Chinese Geographical Society, incorporated into the action plan of the " Innovation China" professional science and technology service team of the China Association for Science and Technology. Its purpose is to integrate basic sciences such as geography, resources, and ecology, as well as information and communication technologies such as geographic information systems, remote sensing and Earth observation, big data and the Internet of Things, with open science as the basic principle, to protect geographical indications, to promote rural revitalization and regional sustainable development.

DATASET： LIU Chuang, GUO Xiaoyi, LIU Yanhui, LIU Tiegang, WANG Zhengwen, QIAO Yunbo, WU Feng, CHEN Cunhua, FU Jingying, ZHU Xiaoguang. Panshi Qiantang (Thousands Reservoirs) Fishing Life Case Dataset of Ecosystem Protection and Sustainable Development[J/DB/OL]. Digital Journal of Global Change Data Repository, 2021. https://doi.org/10.3974/geodb.2021.12.42.V1.

DATAPAPER： Liu, C., Guo, X. Y., Liu, Y. H., et al.GIES Case Dataset on Summer Angling and Winter Fishing in Panshi Qiantang (Thousands Reser-voirs), Jilin Province of China[J]. Journal of Global Change Data & Discovery,2021.5(4):385-398 .DOI: 10.3974/geodp.2021.04.03.

LIU Chuang, the chief expert of the Professional Science and Technology Expert Group of the "Geographical Indications Environment & Sustainability " , habitat protection and sustainable development, Professor of the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research，Chinese Academy of Sciences, deputy director of the Academic Journal Center, director of the Global Change Research Data Publishing & Repository, executive deputy editor and editorial director of the Journal of Global Change Data&Discovery (Chinese and English), chief editor of the Digital Journal of Global Change Data Repository (Chinese and English), secretary-general of the Big Data Working Committee of the Chinese Geographical Society, member of the United Nations Consultative Information and Communication Committee of the Chinese Association for Science and Technology, member of the China Big Data Expert Committee, member of the China Internet Governance Expert Committee, and expert of the data security community plan. She obtained a Bachelor's degree in Geography from Liaoning Normal University in 1982, a Master's degree in Geography from Shaanxi Normal University in 1984, and a PhD in Geography from Peking University in 1989. Dr. Liu Chuang served as an associate professor in the Department of Geography at Peking University from 1989 to 1991, a visiting professor in the Department of Geography at Columbia University in Canada from 1992 to 1993, and an information scientist at the International Earth Science Information Network Center of NASA from 1994 to 1998. From September 1998 to 2009, served as the Director, Professor, and Doctoral Supervisor of the Global Change Information Research Center at the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research，Chinese Academy of Sciences, and also served as the Director of the Institute of World Geography at the School of Resources, Beijing Normal University. In 2009, she retired and was rehired as a Professor at the Institute of Geographic Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences. She has been in his current position since 2017. In the past five years, she has published over 150 sets of datasets related to global change and world geography. She led the creation of the Global Change Research Data Publishing & Repository, which was named one of the best 50 big data cases in China in 2017. In 2018 and 2021, she won the United Nations World Information Summit Award (Electronic Science Group Champion Award) twice. In 2002, she led the establishment of the International Committee on Science and Technology Data's Developing Countries Task Force, leading scientific data sharing in developing countries for 20 years. In 2008, she was awarded the CODATA Prize for International Science and Technology Data.